Comandos router Cisco.

A continuación teneis los comandos mas frecuentes de los router Cisco, buena información para tu certificación CCNA o CCNP.

TERMINAL CONTROLS:

Config# terminal editing - allows for enhanced editing commands

Config# terminal monitor - shows output on telnet session

Config# terminal ip netmask-format hexadecimal|bit-count|decimal - changes the format of subnet masks

HOST NAME:

Config# hostname ROUTER_NAME

BANNER:

Config# banner motd # TYPE MESSAGE HERE # - # can be substituted for any character, must start and finish the message

DESCRIPTIONS:

Config# description THIS IS THE SOUTH ROUTER - can be entered at the Config-if level

CLOCK:

Config# clock timezone Central -6
# clock set hh:mm:ss dd month yyyy - Example: clock set 14:35:00 25 August 2003

CHANGING THE REGISTER:

Config# config-register 0x2100 - ROM Monitor Mode

Config# config-register 0x2101 - ROM boot

Config# config-register 0x2102 - Boot from NVRAM

BOOT SYSTEM:

Config# boot system tftp FILENAME SERVER_IP - Example: boot system tftp 2600_ios.bin 192.168.14.2

Config# boot system ROM

Config# boot system flash - Then - Config# reload

CDP:

Config# cdp run - Turns CDP on

Config# cdp holdtime 180 - Sets the time that a device remains. Default is 180

Config# cdp timer 30 - Sets the update timer.The default is 60

Config# int Ethernet 0

Config-if# cdp enable - Enables cdp on the interface

Config-if# no cdp enable - Disables CDP on the interface

Config# no cdp run - Turns CDP off

HOST TABLE:

Config# ip host ROUTER_NAME INT_Address - Example: ip host lab-a 192.168.5.1

-or-

Config# ip host RTR_NAME INT_ADD1 INT_ADD2 INT_ADD3 - Example: ip host lab-a 192.168.5.1 205.23.4.2 199.2.3.2 - (for e0, s0, s1)

DOMAIN NAME SERVICES:

Config# ip domain-lookup - Tell router to lookup domain names

Config# ip name-server 122.22.2.2 - Location of DNS server

Config# ip domain-name cisco.com - Domain to append to end of names

CLEARING COUNTERS:

# clear interface Ethernet 0 - Clears counters on the specified interface

# clear counters - Clears all interface counters

# clear cdp counters - Clears CDP counters

STATIC ROUTES:

Config# ip route Net_Add SN_Mask Next_Hop_Add - Example: ip route 192.168.15.0 255.255.255.0 205.5.5.2

Config# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Next_Hop_Add - Default route

-or-

Config# ip default-network Net_Add - Gateway LAN network

IP ROUTING:

Config# ip routing - Enabled by default

Config# router rip

-or-

Config# router igrp 100

Config# interface Ethernet 0

Config-if# ip address 122.2.3.2 255.255.255.0

Config-if# no shutdown

IPX ROUTING:

Config# ipx routing

Config# interface Ethernet 0

Config# ipx maximum-paths 2 - Maximum equal metric paths used

Config-if# ipx network 222 encapsulation sap - Also Novell-Ether, SNAP, ARPA on Ethernet. Encapsulation HDLC on serial

Config-if# no shutdown

ACCESS LISTS:

IP Standard	1-99
IP Extended	100-199
IPX Standard	800-899
IPX Extended	900-999
IPX SAP Filters	1000-1099

IP STANDARD:

Config# access-list 10 permit 133.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 - allow all src ip’s on network 133.2.2.0

-or-

Config# access-list 10 permit host 133.2.2.2 - specifies a specific host

-or-

Config# access-list 10 permit any - allows any address

Config# int Ethernet 0

Config-if# ip access-group 10 in - also available: out

IP EXTENDED:

Config# access-list 101 permit tcp 133.12.0.0 0.0.255.255 122.3.2.0 0.0.0.255 eq telnet
-protocols: tcp, udp, icmp, ip (no sockets then), among others
-source then destination address
-eq, gt, lt for comparison
-sockets can be numeric or name (23 or telnet, 21 or ftp, etc)

-or-

Config# access-list 101 deny tcp any host 133.2.23.3 eq www

-or-

Config# access-list 101 permit ip any any

Config# interface Ethernet 0

Config-if# ip access-group 101 out

IPX STANDARD:

Config# access-list 801 permit 233 AA3 - source network/host then destination network/host

-or-

Config# access-list 801 permit -1 -1 - “-1” is the same as “any” with network/host addresses

Config# interface Ethernet 0

Config-if# ipx access-group 801 out

IPX EXTENDED:

Config# access-list 901 permit sap 4AA all 4BB all
- Permit protocol src_add socket dest_add socket
-“all” includes all sockets, or can use socket numbers

-or-

Config# access-list 901 permit any any all any all
-Permits any protocol with any address on any socket to go anywhere

Config# interface Ethernet 0

Config-if# ipx access-group 901 in

IPX SAP FILTER:

Config# access-list 1000 permit 4aa 3 - “3” is the service type
-or-

Config# access-list 1000 permit 4aa 0 - service type of “0” matches all services

Config# interface Ethernet 0

Config-if# ipx input-sap-filter 1000 - filter applied to incoming packets
-or-

Config-if# ipx output-sap-filter 1000 - filter applied to outgoing packets

NAMED ACCESS LISTS:

Config# ip access-list standard LISTNAME
-can be ip or ipx, standard or extended
-followed by the permit or deny list

Config# permit any

Config-if# ip access-group LISTNAME in
-use the list name instead of a list number
-allows for a larger amount of access-lists

PPP SETUP:

Config-if# encapsulation ppp

Config-if# ppp authentication chap pap
-order in which they will be used
-only attempted with the authentification listed
-if one fails, then connection is terminated

Config-if# exit

Config# username Lab-b password 123456
-username is the router that will be connecting to this one
-only specified routers can connect

-or-

Config-if# ppp chap hostname ROUTER

Config-if# ppp chap password 123456
-if this is set on all routers, then any of them can connect to any other
-set same on all for easy configuration

ISDN SETUP:

Config# isdn switch-type basic-5ess - determined by telecom

Config# interface serial 0

Config-if# isdn spid1 2705554564 - isdn “phonenumber” of line 1

Config-if# isdn spid2 2705554565 - isdn “phonenumber” of line 2

Config-if# encapsulation PPP - or HDLC, LAPD

DDR - 4 Steps to setting up ISDN with DDR

1. Configure switch type

Config# isdn switch-type basic-5ess - can be done at interface config


2. Configure static routes

Config# ip route 123.4.35.0 255.255.255.0 192.3.5.5 - sends traffic destined for 123.4.35.0 to 192.3.5.5
Config# ip route 192.3.5.5 255.255.255.255 bri0 - specifies how to get to network 192.3.5.5 (through bri0)


3. Configure Interface

Config-if# ip address 192.3.5.5 255.255.255.0
Config-if# no shutdown
Config-if# encapsulation ppp
Config-if# dialer-group 1 - applies dialer-list to this interface
Config-if# dialer map ip 192.3.5.6 name Lab-b 5551212
connect to lab-b at 5551212 with ip 192.3.5.6 if there is interesting traffic
can also use “dialer string 5551212” instead if there is only one router to connect to


4. Specify interesting traffic

Config# dialer-list 1 ip permit any
-or-
Config# dialer-list 1 ip list 101 - use the access-list 101 as the dialer list


5. Other Options

Config-if# hold-queue 75 - queue 75 packets before dialing
Config-if# dialer load-threshold 125 either
-load needed before second line is brought up
-“125” is any number 1-255, where % load is x/255 (ie 125/255 is about 50%)
-can check by in, out, or either
Config-if# dialer idle-timeout 180
-determines how long to stay idle before terminating the session
-default is 120

FRAME RELAY SETUP:

Config# interface serial 0

Config-if# encapsulation frame-relay - cisco by default, can change to ietf

Config-if# frame-relay lmi-type cisco - cisco by default, also ansi, q933a

Config-if# bandwidth 56

Config-if# interface serial 0.100 point-to-point - subinterface

Config-if# ip address 122.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

Config-if# frame-relay interface-dlci 100
-maps the dlci to the interface
-can add BROADCAST and/or IETF at the end

Config-if# interface serial 1.100 multipoint

Config-if# no inverse-arp - turns IARP off; good to do

Config-if# frame-relay map ip 122.1.1.2 48 ietf broadcast
-maps an IP to a dlci (48 in this case)
-required if IARP is turned off
-ietf and broadcast are optional

Config-if# frame-relay map ip 122.1.1.3 54 broadcast

SHOW COMMANDS

Show access-lists - all access lists on the router

Show cdp - cdp timer and holdtime frequency

Show cdp entry * - same as next

Show cdp neighbors detail - details of neighbor with ip add and ios version

Show cdp neighbors - id, local interface, holdtime, capability, platform portid

Show cdp interface - int’s running cdp and their encapsulation

Show cdp traffic - cdp packets sent and received

Show controllers serial 0 - DTE or DCE status

Show dialer - number of times dialer string has been reached, other stats

Show flash - files in flash

Show frame-relay lmi - lmi stats

Show frame-relay map - static and dynamic maps for PVC’s

Show frame-relay pvc - pvc’s and dlci’s

Show history - commands entered

Show hosts - contents of host table

Show int f0/26 - stats of f0/26

Show interface Ethernet 0 - show stats of Ethernet 0

Show ip - ip config of switch

Show ip access-lists - ip access-lists on switch

Show ip interface - ip config of interface

Show ip protocols - routing protocols and timers

Show ip route - Displays IP routing table

Show ipx access-lists - same, only ipx

Show ipx interfaces - RIP and SAP info being sent and received, IPX addresses

Show ipx route - ipx routes in the table

Show ipx servers - SAP table

Show ipx traffic - RIP and SAP info

Show isdn active - number with active status

Show isdn status - shows if SPIDs are valid, if connected

Show mac-address-table - contents of the dynamic table

Show protocols - routed protocols and net_addresses of interfaces

Show running-config - dram config file

Show sessions - connections via telnet to remote device

Show startup-config - nvram config file

Show terminal - shows history size

Show trunk a/b - trunk stat of port 26/27

Show version - ios info, uptime, address of switch

Show vlan - all configured vlan’s

Show vlan-membership - vlan assignments

Show vtp - vtp configs

AASTRA compra a ERICSSON.

AASTRA el fabricante de las famosas NETCOM, ha comprado la división de comunicaciones de ERICSSON. Los fabricantes tradicionales se unen debido a la expansión de productos como Asterisk.